Noise Pollution Library

Quiet Communities offers a growing library of research, resources and tools to help address the issue of noise pollution and how it impacts our well-being and our environment.

People taking notes in open notebooks
Illustrative photo: Sincerely Media / Unsplash
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Topics

Neighbors are speaking up.

Locations featured in community reports: Arizona, Virginia and New Jersey

Alabama

Somerville neighbors seek answers about a planned Bitcoin mine

Proposed Bitcoin mine · WAFF 48 · 2026

Arizona

Communities Are Raising Noise Pollution Concerns About Data Centers

Data centers · EESI

Arkansas

Rural Arkansas neighbors raise concerns about crypto mine noise

Bitcoin mining · KUAR · 2023

California

San Jose mayor meets with neighbors complaining about data center noise

Data centers · NBC Bay Area

Colorado

Aurora neighbors seek review of proposed Trident campus

Proposed project · Axios · 2026

Florida

Fort Meade neighbors challenge approval of a planned AI campus

Proposed project · WUSF · 2026

Georgia

Fayette County neighbors raise concerns about data center noise

Data centers · CBS News Atlanta

Illinois

Aurora responds to neighbors’ data center noise complaints

Data centers · NPR Illinois / WGLT · 2026

Indiana

St. Joseph County adopts sound limits ahead of data center development

Proposed project · WVPE · 2026

Iowa

Hopkinton neighbors challenge noise from a Bitcoin mining facility

Bitcoin mining · KCRG · 2026

Kansas

Tonganoxie neighbors question noise from proposed Project Bluestem

Proposed project · KCTV5 · 2026

Kentucky

Wolfe County Bitcoin mine closes after neighbors’ noise complaints

Facility closed · LEX 18 · 2026

Louisiana

Richland Parish neighbors report data center construction noise

Construction · CBS News · 2025

Maryland

Baltimore County residents seek limits on proposed data centers

Proposed project · WYPR · 2026

Massachusetts

Lowell residents file lawsuit challenging data center expansion

Data centers · Conservation Law Foundation

Michigan

Neighbors voice complaints, health concerns as Dowagiac data center noise lawsuit moves forward

Bitcoin mining / AI · WNDU

Minnesota

Hermantown residents question Google’s proposed data center

Proposed project · MPR News · 2026

Mississippi

Southaven homeowners report noise from a data center power plant

Data centers · CBS News

Missouri

Independence neighbors describe disruption near a developing AI campus

Construction · The Kansas City Star · 2026

Montana

Bonner neighbors question noise from a proposed data center

Proposed project · Montana Public Radio · 2026

Nebraska

Stanton County neighbors ask for a Bitcoin mine sound study

Bitcoin mining · KTIV · 2024

New Jersey

‘It’s all you can hear’: New Jersey lawsuit takes on datacenter’s noise pollution

Data centers · The Guardian

New York

North Tonawanda neighbors challenge Bitcoin facility noise in lawsuit

Bitcoin mining · WKBW · 2026

North Carolina

Cherokee County neighbors face crypto noise and an AI transition

Bitcoin mining / AI · WUNC / BPR · 2026

North Dakota

Williams County neighbors seek relief from Bitcoin mine noise

Bitcoin mining · KUMV / KFYR · 2023

Ohio

New Albany: neighbor noise update

Data centers · City of New Albany

Oklahoma

Amber neighbors seek safeguards for a proposed data center

Proposed project · The Frontier · 2026

Pennsylvania

Ridgway Township neighbors report cryptocurrency mine noise

Bitcoin mining · WPSU / The Allegheny Front · 2022

South Carolina

Spartanburg neighbors report data center construction noise

Construction · FOX Carolina · 2026

Tennessee

Memphis residents file noise complaint against Elon Musk’s xAI

Data centers · Action News 5

Texas

Inside the ‘Nightmare’ Health Crisis of a Texas Bitcoin Town

Data centers · TIME

Utah

West Jordan neighbors report noise from Aligned’s data center campus

Data centers · The Salt Lake Tribune · 2026

Virginia

As Data Centers Expand in Northern Virginia, Some Are Noisy Neighbors

Data centers · The Washington Post

Washington

Wenatchee-area communities pause Bitcoin projects over local impacts

Historical report · The Wenatchee World · 2018

West Virginia

Mason County neighbors question safeguards for a data center development

Construction · WSAZ · 2026

Wisconsin

Microsoft sued over noise complaints at new Mount Pleasant data center facility

Data centers · Wisconsin Public Radio

Browse noise pollution research

203 entries

ResearchHealth and well-being

Noise as a Public Health Hazard (APHA policy statement)

American Public Health Association policy statement (2021115) that defines noise as unwanted and/or harmful sound and calls for national noise standards, enforcement, education, outreach and action on noise as a public health hazard. It says the promise of the 1972 Noise Control Act remains unfulfilled.

October 2021

apha.org
ResearchHealth and well-being

Environmental Noise Guidelines for the European Region

World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe guidelines with recommendations for protecting human health from environmental noise from road traffic, railways, aircraft, wind turbines and leisure sources. WHO says the recommended exposure levels can be considered applicable in other regions.

2018

who.int
ResearchHealth and well-being

Too Loud! For Too Long!

US Centers for Disease Control report on sources of harmful environmental noise, highlighting lawn and garden equipment that can damage hearing Includes an infographic.

2017

cdc.gov
ResearchHealth and well-being

Noise (Occupational) Self-Inspection Checklist

NIOSH/DHHS self-inspection checklist based on OSHA's general industry noise standard (29 CFR 1910.95): action is required at an 8-hour time-weighted average of 85 dBA, OSHA's permissible exposure limit is 90 dBA, and NIOSH recommends a more protective limit.

2003

cdc.gov
ResearchHealth and well-being

Guidelines for Community Noise

World Health Organization guidelines (Berglund B, Lindvall T, Schwela DH, eds.; Geneva). A compendium of safe noise levels for a wide variety of indoor and outdoor settings, with the scientific rationale behind them.

1999

who.int
ResearchHealth and well-being

Quick Statistics About Hearing

NIDCD page of current U.S. hearing-loss and hearing-health statistics (prevalence by age group, noise-induced hearing loss, hearing aid use, and related measures).

nidcd.nih.gov
ResearchHealth and well-being

Noise causes cardiovascular disease: it’s time to act

Perspective in the Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology (open access) presenting a narrative review of epidemiologic and translational evidence that transportation noise harms the cardiovascular system through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammation and disrupted circadian rhythms. It calls for prompt policy action to reduce noise exposure; co-authors include Jamie L. Banks.

Munzel, et al · December 10, 2024

nature.com
ResearchHealth and well-being

Revised comprehensive new definition of noise

Proposes a revised, three-part definition of noise (unwanted/harmful sound for living things; unwanted disturbance in a useful frequency band for engineering/electronics; erratic or random oscillation for scientific measurement), building on the ASA/ANSI definition and extending it to cover harmful effects on plants.

Fink · March 2024

doi.org
ResearchHealth and well-being

Transportation Noise Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease

Review in Nature Reviews Cardiology by Thomas Münzel, Mette Sørensen and Andreas Daiber summarizing the epidemiological evidence that transportation noise raises cardiovascular risk, the mechanisms involved (such as disrupted sleep, stress hormones and oxidative stress) and promising noise-mitigation strategies.

Münzel, et al · 2021

nature.com
ResearchHealth and well-being

Environmental Noise and the Cardiovascular System

Review in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology by cardiologist Thomas Munzel and colleagues on the mechanisms and epidemiology of noise-induced cardiovascular disease, explaining how noise damages the cardiovascular system.

Munzel, et al · 2018

sciencedirect.com
ResearchHealth and well-being

Race/Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, Residential Segregation, and Spatial Variation in Noise Exposure in the Contiguous United States

A nationwide geospatial model of U.S. noise levels found noise exposure was consistently higher in block groups with more Black, Hispanic, and lower-socioeconomic-status residents and in more racially segregated metro areas — for example, about 46.3 dBA modeled nighttime noise in 75%-Black urban block groups versus 42.3 dBA where no residents were Black.

Casey, et al · 2017

pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
ResearchHealth and well-being

Noise and health in vulnerable groups: a review

Review in Noise & Health of noise effects on vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, the chronically ill and people with hearing impairment, plus noise-sensitive people, shift workers and people with mental illness. Discusses mechanisms including noise sensitivity and learned helplessness.

van Kamp, et al · May–June 2013

journals.lww.com
ResearchHealth and well-being

Aircraft and road traffic noise and children's cognition and health: a cross-national study

Cross-national study of 2,844 children aged 9–10 near airports in the Netherlands, Spain, and the UK found chronic aircraft noise exposure was linked to poorer reading comprehension and recognition memory, while road traffic noise was linked to better episodic recall but not reading; neither affected sustained attention or self-reported health.

Stansfeld, et al · June 2005

doi.org
ResearchHealth and well-being

Cerebral consequences of environmental noise exposure

Review by Omar Hahad, Marin Kuntic and colleagues (Environment International, vol. 165, 107306) of human and animal studies linking environmental noise, mainly from traffic, to brain and mental health outcomes including stroke, dementia, cognitive decline, neurodevelopmental disorders, depression and anxiety, with oxidative stress and inflammation as proposed mechanisms. Open access.

Hahad, et al · July 2022

doi.org
ResearchHealth and well-being

Noise and mental health: evidence, mechanisms, and consequences

Review by Omar Hahad, Marin Kuntic, Sadeer Al-Kindi and colleagues (Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology) of evidence linking noise exposure to mental health problems such as depression and anxiety, and of the mechanisms involved, including stress responses and sleep disturbance. Open access.

Hahad, et al · 2024

doi.org
ResearchHealth and well-being

Health Effects of Noise Exposure in Children

Review by Stephen Stansfeld and Charlotte Clark (Current Environmental Health Reports) of the evidence on environmental noise and children's health. Aircraft noise exposure at school is consistently linked to poorer reading comprehension and memory, and to annoyance; evidence for effects on blood pressure, psychological symptoms such as hyperactivity, and sleep is more limited.

Stansfeld, et al · June 2015

doi.org
ResourcesHealth and well-being

Noise Could Take Years Off Your Life. Here's How

New York Times interactive feature by Emily Baumgaertner (with the Times' health, graphics, video and data teams) on the lesser-known cardiovascular and other health harms of chronic noise exposure, not just hearing loss. Reviews scientific research, interviews researchers, and examines U.S. and international noise data and policy, weaving recorded sounds and animated sound-level readings into the piece.

June 9, 2023

nytimes.com
ResearchAnimals / environment

Effects of Noise on Wildlife

Explains how human-caused noise affects wildlife — altering animal calls, shrinking effective hearing ranges, and causing stress that can harm park populations.

home.nps.gov
ResearchAnimals / environment

A Review on the Influence of Noise on the Welfare of Dogs

Review finding roughly one-third of dogs show noise aversion, most often triggered by gunshots, thunder, or fireworks, with breed and age differences in susceptibility and reactions ranging from mild (panting, pacing, hiding) to severe (panic, destructive behavior).

Raghy, et. al. · 2023

ojs.pphouse.org
ResearchAnimals / environment

Anthropogenic Noise Events Perturb Acoustic Communication Networks

Monitoring 103 sites across 40 U.S. national parks found the chance of detecting bird sounds briefly rose right after vehicle, voice, or aircraft noise, then dropped below normal roughly two hours later, with suppression lasting over three hours, especially after distant jet noise.

Kleist, et. al · 2023

doi.org
ResearchAnimals / environment

Noise Pollution Is Pervasive in U.S. Protected Areas

Continent-scale sound modeling found human noise at least doubled background sound levels in about 63% of U.S. protected-area units and raised them tenfold or more in about 21%; noise was lower in areas with stricter protections.

Buxton, et. al. · May 2017

science.org
ResearchAnimals / environment

Effect of Noise on Performance, Stress, and Behaviour of Animals

Review of how species, sex, age, and exposure duration affect farm animals' metabolism, productivity, health, reproduction, and behavior under noise, finding responses such as elevated stress hormones and faster heart rate, with substantial variation in sensitivity across species.

Broucek · 2014

researchgate.net
ResearchAnimals / environment

Evidence That Ship Noise Increases Stress in Right Whales

After ship traffic in the Bay of Fundy dropped following September 11, 2001, underwater noise fell about 6 dB, and North Atlantic right whales had lower baseline stress-hormone (glucocorticoid) levels.

Rolland et. al, https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.2429 · 2012

doi.org
ResearchAnimals / environment

Noise Pollution Changes Avian Communities and Species Interactions

Three-year study of Colorado pinyon-juniper woodlands found fewer bird species nested near noisy gas-compressor sites (21 species) than in quiet sites (32), but nest success was higher near noise, partly because western scrub-jays — a major nest predator — avoided the noisy areas.

Francis, et. al. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195925516303171?via%3Dihub · 2009

agris.fao.org
VideosAnimals / environment

Noise in Nature and Law (podcast)

New York City Bar Association podcast, hosted by Robin Happel, with guests Jamie Banks and Vanessa ZoBell, on noise's effects on wildlife and the legal frameworks around it. Does not fit either content-type option given for this batch (scientific study / pub health or govt); left blank.

June 2026

nycbar.org
ResearchLaw

Noise Control Act of 1972

EPA summary of the Noise Control Act (42 U.S.C. §4901 et seq.), which sets a national policy of promoting an environment free from noise that jeopardizes health and welfare. It provides for coordinating federal noise research, federal noise emission standards for products in commerce, and public information; the Act remains in force.

1972

epa.gov
ResourcesLaw

Not a Quiet Victory: Enforcement of the 1972 Noise Control Act

Summit Law Group article on the Quiet Communities, Inc. v. EPA ruling, noting the court found EPA must comply with the Noise Control Act of 1972 and the Quiet Communities Act of 1978 and conduct renewed noise-pollution studies. Two University of Washington law professors, one of counsel to Summit Law Group, filed the original 2023 suit.

July 21, 2026

summitlaw.com
ResourcesLaw

EPA Noise Control Act Ruling: What Project Teams Should Know

Trinity Consultants article by Alexis D. Kurtz, INCE Bd. Cert., on the July 2026 ruling in Quiet Communities, Inc. and Jeanne M. Kempthorne v. EPA. Explains that the ruling creates no new noise limits yet, and recommends project teams get ahead of future requirements with early baseline noise surveys and acoustical modeling.

August 20, 2026

trinityconsultants.com
ResourcesLaw

Quiet Communities Sue EPA Over 40 Years of Noise Neglect

Daily Journal article by Monica S. Hammer (Berliner Cohen LLP) on the 2023 suit, Quiet Communities, Inc. v. U.S. EPA, noting EPA has not updated its safe-noise-level guidance since 1974 and that EPA argues Congress's 1982 defunding of the Noise Control Act office justifies halting federal noise regulation. Paywalled beyond the opening section.

October 10, 2024

dailyjournal.com
ResourcesLaw

Local Noise Ordinances: How They Work and What They Regulate

LegalClarity Team explainer on how local governments (not a single federal standard) regulate noise through police power -- covering common regulated sources, decibel vs. “plainly audible” measurement standards, quiet-hours/zoning distinctions, exemptions, federal preemption for aircraft and railroads, First Amendment content-neutrality limits, typical complaint/enforcement processes, and private nuisance lawsuits. General educational content, not a primary source or legal advice; the site states it should not be considered legal advice.

May 15, 2026

legalclarity.org
ResourcesLaw

Quiet Communities, Inc. v. EPA, No. 1:23-cv-01649 (JMC) — Memorandum Opinion and Order

Memorandum Opinion and Order (Doc. 30) by Judge Jia M. Cobb, U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. The court found EPA “has unreasonably delayed in carrying out the duties at issue” on Counts 1–3 (42 U.S.C. § 4904(c), review of three 1970s noise reports) and Count 8 (§ 4903(c)(3), report on federal noise research); Counts 4–6 were dismissed and EPA prevailed on Count 7. The remedy is pending.

July 16, 2026

law.justia.com
ResourcesLaw

42 U.S.C. §§ 4905(e), 4916, 4917 — Noise Control Act Preemption Provisions

Noise Control Act preemption provisions: § 4905(e) preempts state/local noise-emission standards for products EPA has regulated; §§ 4916–4917 preserve state and local control over the use and operation of railroads and interstate motor carriers (vs. federal control over equipment standards). See also https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/4916 and https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/4917.

law.cornell.edu
ResearchAviation

FAA Neighborhood Environmental Survey

FAA landing page for its Neighborhood Environmental Survey, based on 10,328 responses from residents near 20 U.S. airports, used to update the national dose-response curve for aircraft noise annoyance (see also the related final report already in this library, 'Analysis of the Neighborhood Environmental Survey, Final Report').

faa.gov
ResearchAviation

Regulations for Lead Emissions from Aircraft

EPA page announcing its final determination that lead emissions from piston-engine aircraft burning leaded fuel threaten public health and welfare, triggering a requirement for EPA to set emissions standards and FAA to set corresponding fuel standards.

epa.gov
ResearchAviation

LAX Part 161 Study

LAWA (Los Angeles World Airports) page on its LAX Part 161 Study, addressing ANCA (Airport Noise and Capacity Act) and 14 CFR Part 161 impediments to local noise restrictions.

lawa.org
ResearchAviation

Determine Who Controls Aircraft Noise

Airport Cooperative Research Program (ACRP) resource explaining that federal authorities, mainly the FAA, control most aircraft noise, leaving individual airports little say over noise levels, flight numbers, or flight timing.

crp.trb.org
ResearchAviation

Port of Seattle StART Meeting Summary, April 29, 2026

Port of Seattle summary of its StART (Stakeholder Advisory Round Table) "Roundtable of Roundtables," which first met Nov 13, 2025 and met again Feb 12, 2026; the summary describes Quiet Communities as having “sponsored” the meeting, while the page itself says “convened” — flagged here as a discrepancy, not resolved.

April 29, 2026

portseattle.org
ResearchAviation

Analysis of the Neighborhood Environmental Survey, Final Report

Federal Aviation Administration final report (DOT/FAA/TC-21/4) analyzing its Neighborhood Environmental Survey of adult residents around 20 U.S. airports, producing an updated national dose-response curve relating aircraft noise exposure (DNL) to the percentage of people highly annoyed, which found higher annoyance at a given noise level than earlier curves.

February 2021

rosap.ntl.bts.gov
ResearchAviation

Community impacts of aviation noise: a pilot survey

Study in the Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology by Jamie L. Banks and Becky Petrou O’Rourke, based on a 10-question online pilot survey of 1,452 respondents in aviation-impacted communities (May 2022). It found mental and physical health impacts extending beyond annoyance, especially among those exposed mainly to military aircraft noise, and argues aviation noise policy should be updated accordingly.

2025

doi.org
VideosAviation

Aircraft Noise and Emission Impacts: A Primer

18-minute overview of how aviation noise and emissions affect health and the environment, where current policy falls short, and why policy should protect people on the ground. Intended for decisionmakers and the public.

2023

youtube.com
ResourcesAviation

NextGen Brings Noise Complaints

AVweb article on how FAA NextGen flight-path changes have drawn noise complaints from residents near airports nationwide, who say the changes hurt their quality of life and property values without adequate consultation.

October 25, 2017

avweb.com
ResearchData centers

What Noises Cause Hearing Loss?

CDC page explaining that hearing loss can come from a single very loud sound or from repeated exposure to loud sounds over time, with a table of common noise sources. The link goes to a copy of the page hosted on mvcommission.org.

mvcommission.org
ResearchData centers

Natural Sounds and Night Skies Division

National Park Service division that provides scientific leadership, technical assistance and best practices on natural sounds and night skies across park units, including baseline acoustic data and help reducing noise and light pollution.

nps.gov
ResearchData centers

Communities Are Raising Noise Pollution Concerns About Data Centers

EESI article by Miguel Yáñez-Barnuevo on resident complaints about the humming of data center cooling systems, generators and fans. It notes that noise is mostly regulated locally, that complaints often go nowhere, and that the EPA still has the legal authority to address noise.

March 2026

eesi.org
ResearchData centers

The Cardiovascular Effects of Noise

Review in Deutsches Ärzteblatt International by Omar Hahad, Swenja Kröller-Schön, Andreas Daiber and Thomas Münzel. It concludes that traffic noise, air-traffic noise in particular, is an important cardiovascular risk factor that has not been studied enough, discusses the noise-effects model, and calls for preventive measures.

April 5, 2019

di.aerzteblatt.de
ResearchData centers

Sleep Is a Human Right, and Its Deprivation Is Torture

AMA Journal of Ethics article by Caitlyn Tabor, JD, MBE, and Katherine R. Peeler, MD, MA. It explains that sleep is recognized as a fundamental right, that deliberate sleep deprivation is often used as torture and violates the right to health, and that clinicians can help inform what legally counts as torture.

October 2024

journalofethics.ama-assn.org
ResourcesData centers

Inside the ‘Nightmare’ Health Crisis of a Texas Bitcoin Town

Time investigation by Andrew R. Chow. He spoke to more than 40 people in the Granbury, Texas area who attribute medical problems, such as hypertension, heart palpitations, tinnitus, migraines and panic attacks, to the constant noise from a Bitcoin mine that moved into town.

July 8, 2024

time.com
ResourcesData centers

The Noise of Bitcoin Mining Is Driving Americans Crazy

The Week UK article by Harriet Marsden rounding up reporting from The Guardian, Time and others on Granbury, Texas residents’ health complaints and anger over constant Bitcoin-mine noise. It also notes that a county-commissioned study found sound levels below legal limits.

May 30, 2025

theweek.com
ResearchPickleball

Acute stress effects of impulsive noise during mental work

Laboratory study in the Journal of Environmental Psychology (Jenni Radun and colleagues) comparing impulsive sound, steady-state sound and quiet during mental work. Impulsive sound at 65 dB caused more annoyance, workload and stress-hormone (cortisol) response and less accurate working-memory performance than quiet.

Radun, et. al · June 2022

sciencedirect.com
ResearchPickleball

The pickleball seven decibel challenge

NOISE-CON 2024 paper by Mark Storm (Dudek) on whether pickleball noise should be classed as ‘highly impulsive’ (a 12 dB adjustment) rather than regular impulsive (5 dB). That 7 dB difference would make compliance with community noise rules much harder.

Storm · July 14, 2024

doi.org
ResearchPickleball

Pickleball noise: The physiological and psychological effects on nearby residents

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics paper by Kathleen M. Romito and Daniel Fink analyzing accounts from residents near pickleball courts. Physical health effects were about 46% of mentions (nervous system and heart most often) and psychological effects about 54%, including severe distress and trauma-like symptoms. Many residents report serious health problems. Impulsive pops under 20 milliseconds; more than 20,000 pops a day.

Romito, et. al · June 13, 2025

doi.org
ResearchPickleball

A survey of the community impact of pickleball noise: A pilot study

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics pilot survey by Kathleen M. Romito and Jamie Banks of residents living within 1,000 feet of public, club or homeowners-association pickleball courts, covering exposure, mitigation, annoyance and other harms. Respondents reported significant community and social disruption.

Romito et al · February 3, 2026

doi.org
ResearchPickleball

Annoyance penalty of impulsive noise – The effect of impulse onset

Study in Building and Environment by Ville Rajala and Valtteri Hongisto on the annoyance penalty of impulsive noise and the effect of impulse onset. It finds impulsive noise more annoying than steady-state noise and deserving of a penalty, with results that run against the constant penalty values used in most noise regulations.

Rajala, et. al · January 15, 2020

sciencedirect.com
ResearchPickleball

Pickleball noise: The case for integrating non-acoustic factors into community assessments

Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics paper (ASA/ASJ joint meeting, Honolulu, December 2025) by Kathleen M. Romito, Stephanie Knudson and Charles Leahy. It argues that non-acoustic factors such as perceived fairness, sense of control, health concerns, trust in authorities and social conflict belong in pickleball noise assessments, since barriers and quieter paddles often fail to end complaints.

Romito, et. al · May 5, 2026

doi.org
ResourcesPickleball

Why the ‘Tock’ of a Pickleball is So Annoying

Wall Street Journal explainer on why the ‘tock’ of a pickleball hitting a paddle is so annoying. It says pickleball sounds are not louder overall than other ball sounds but contain high-pitched frequencies, with a spike around 1,000 Hz, that human ears are especially sensitive to.

May 17, 2024

tinyurl.com
ResourcesPickleball

More Homeowners are Taking Legal Action Over Pickleball Noise

KPBS report by Scott Rodd on homeowners taking legal action over pickleball noise, including a Carlsbad, CA resident who sued her homeowners association over courts close to her bedroom window. Notes a growing number of disputes and lawsuits in the San Diego region and across the country.

September 5, 2023

kpbs.org
ResourcesPickleball

Pickleball noise is fueling neighborhood drama from coast to coast

Los Angeles Times report by Connor Sheets on neighborhood clashes over pickleball noise, centered on Goleta, CA, where residents near a community center’s courts objected to the noise. Describes similar disputes and legal claims against cities across the country, and a Goleta compromise that added windscreens and fencing.

March 3, 2022

latimes.com
ResourcesPickleball

Neighborhood Pickleball Survey Results, (City of Martinez, CA)

City of Martinez, CA survey of residents within 500 feet of the eight new pickleball courts at Hidden Valley Park. Emailed Nov 7, 2025 to more than 100 homes, it asked about noise, sleep, privacy, parking, ability to enjoy their homes, and support for closing the courts. City staff said the results showed significant negative impacts on neighbors; on March 18, 2026 the City Council voted 4-0 to discontinue pickleball at the courts. Staff report: https://legistarweb-production.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/attachment/pdf/3975289/Staff_Report-_Pickleball.pdf

November 2025 (results to City Council, March 18, 2026)

cityofmartinez.org
ResourcesModified mufflers

SEMA State-by-State Summary of Exhaust Noise Laws

SEMA witness document submitted to the Vermont Senate Transportation Committee on S.66 (Feb 27, 2025): about 47 states require a muffler in good working order, about 46 prohibit cutouts or bypasses, and about 18 prohibit modifications that raise noise above factory levels.

February 27, 2025

legislature.vermont.gov
ResourcesModified mufflers

Street Illegal: A Hot Take on Hot Cars

Streets.mn analysis by James Johnson on automated noise enforcement (noise cameras), already used in New York City, Chicago, Canada, London, Paris, Berlin and the Netherlands, as a way for the Twin Cities to address excessively loud, souped-up cars and motorcycles.

December 3, 2024

streets.mn
ResourcesModified mufflers

Georgia lawmakers weigh how loud is too loud for cars

Axios Atlanta report by Thomas Wheatley on a Georgia House study committee considering whether to strengthen the state’s vague “excessive or unusual” noise law for mufflers, including testimony from a police chief calling for an objective decibel standard.

August 24, 2026

axios.com
ResourcesModified mufflers

Muffler noise is about to get expensive in Collier County

Guest editorial by Collier County, FL Commissioner Burt Saunders on “Quiet Florida,” a nonprofit founded by Mary Tatigian that brought together a Southwest Florida Noise Task Force of law enforcement, county transportation staff and the Commissioner to fight illegal muffler modification through stricter enforcement (fines of $313, then $613) and public education.

static1.squarespace.com
ResearchHospitals and health care

FGI Releases 2026 FGI Codes and Handbooks for Planning and Design

Healthcare Design magazine (Robert McCune) on the Facility Guidelines Institute's release of the 2026 FGI Codes for Planning and Design and new FGI Handbooks, available via FGI's OneSource platform; for the first time the Codes focus only on minimum planning and design requirements. As of Aug 31, 2026, 42 states had adopted some edition of the FGI Codes/Guidelines, per FGI's adoption map (https://fgiguidelines.org/codes/adoption-map/).

September 1, 2026

healthcaredesignmagazine.com
ResearchHospitals and health care

Noise levels and noise sources in acute care hospital wards

Study in Building Services Engineering Research and Technology by D.J. MacKenzie and L. Galbrun observing and classifying noise sources in acute care hospital wards over three 24-hour sessions, finding about 30% of noise events totally avoidable and a similar share partially avoidable (e.g. alarms, dropped objects, phones).

2007

doi.org
ResearchHospitals and health care

The effects of noise levels on nurses in intensive care units

Study in Nursing in Critical Care by Banu Terzi, Fatma Azizoglu and colleagues of 150 ICU nurses, measuring noise with a hand-held sound level meter. The highest noise (71 dB(A) and above) was in neonatal, neurology and cardiovascular surgery ICUs, and noise level affected nurses' job satisfaction and trait anxiety.

2019

doi.org
ResearchHospitals and health care

Alarm fatigue: impacts on patient safety

Review in Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology by Keith J. Ruskin and Dirk Hueske-Kraus on alarm fatigue, in which healthcare staff become desensitized to frequent, often nonactionable alarms. It links excessive alarms to longer hospital stays, increased morbidity and even increased mortality.

2015

doi.org
ResearchHospitals and health care

Noise pollution in hospitals: impact on patients

Review in the Journal of Clinical Outcomes Management by Timothy Hsu, et. al of 36 papers on hospital noise and patient outcomes such as sleep disturbance, cardiovascular response, length of stay, pain management and wound healing. Results generally showed potential negative physiological effects from noise, though some studies conflicted.

2012

researchgate.net
ResearchHospitals and health care

Noise levels in Johns Hopkins Hospital

Study in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America by Ilene Busch-Vishniac, James West and colleagues surveying noise levels throughout Johns Hopkins Hospital, finding levels well above international recommendations across patient care areas.

2005

doi.org
ResearchHospitals and health care

Environmental noise in hospitals: a systematic review

Systematic review in Environmental Science and Pollution Research by Erik de Lima Andrade and colleagues of studies measuring environmental noise in hospitals from 2015 to 2020, finding daytime levels of 37 to 88.6 dB(A) and nighttime levels of 38.7 to 68.8 dB(A), both generally exceeding WHO-recommended levels.

2021

doi.org
ResearchHospitals and health care

Hospitals are noisy. They don’t have to be.

Opinion piece for the Association of American Medical Colleges by Zina Jawadi and Alexander Chern, MD, describing a patient with hyperacusis in a noisy emergency department and arguing that excessive hospital noise harms the physical and mental well-being of staff and patients. It calls for institutional and national policies that promote hearing health in hospitals.

2023

aamc.org
ResourcesHospitals and health care

Understanding FGI: Improve Your Patient Experience With Better Acoustics

Henderson Engineers article explaining how the Facility Guidelines Institute's guidelines (referencing Sound & Vibration Design Guidelines for Health Care Facilities) set acoustical criteria for healthcare facilities -- site exterior noise, sound isolation, acoustic finishes, speech privacy, room noise levels, and building vibration -- including a minimum STC of 45 between same-floor patient rooms and a maximum NC-40 room noise level, and notes that patient perceptions of noise rank among the lowest-scoring H-CAHPS survey items.

April 9, 2019

hendersonengineers.com
VideosHospitals and health care

Impact of sound environment in healthcare settings

Gunnar Öhlen, Chief Medical Officer at Karolinska University Hospital, and Paul Barach, guest professor at the University of Oslo, discuss the effects of the sound environment in healthcare in this Acoustic Bulletin video

October 31, 2014

youtube.com
ResourcesRestaurants

Starbucks Making Buzzy Stores Quieter for Accessibility, Fewer Order Mixups

Fortune article on Starbucks adding sound-absorbing ceiling baffles and other acoustic changes to new and renovated stores, aiming to cut background noise so baristas hear orders correctly and to make stores more accessible for people with hearing loss. (Widely syndicated from Bloomberg -- several outlets ran the same report around April 10-13, 2024.)

April 10, 2024

fortune.com
ResourcesRestaurants

This DC Restaurant Now Has Quiet Hours

Washingtonian article on Ceibo, a South American restaurant in Adams Morgan, which runs lower-volume "Lo-Fi" Sundays with a mellower playlist during Sunday lunch and early dinner for diners who want a quieter meal.

June 18, 2024

washingtonian.com
ResearchLandcare

OSHA Occupational Noise Exposure Standard (29 CFR 1910.95) and NIOSH Recommended Exposure Limit

OSHA’s Occupational Noise Exposure standard sets a permissible exposure limit (PEL) of 90 dBA as an 8-hour time-weighted average, with an 85 dBA action level that triggers a hearing conservation program, and caps impulsive/impact noise at 140 dB peak. NIOSH’s recommended exposure limit (REL) is stricter: 85 dBA as an 8-hour time-weighted average, with exposure time halved for every 3 dB increase.

osha.gov
ResearchLandcare

Carbonaceous species emitted from handheld two-stroke engines

Study in Atmospheric Environment by Dr. John Volckens (Colorado State University) and co-workers documenting exhaust emissions from 2-stroke engines such as leaf blowers and string trimmers. It warns that operators without proper protection may be exposed to very high concentrations, and compares the emissions to those of gasoline vehicles, which have become a serious public health issue. Abstract is free; full text must be purchased.

2008

sciencedirect.com
ResearchLandcare

Air Pollution and Cancer

Major report from the World Health Organization’s cancer research arm (IARC) on air pollution, concluding that fine particulate matter is a human carcinogen.

2013

iarc.fr
ResearchLandcare

Leaf Blower Noise

Finnish researchers studying sound levels from lawn and garden equipment found dangerously high noise exposure, especially from machines with 2-stroke engines such as leaf blowers and brush cutters. Leaf blower noise emissions ranged from 102 to 111 dB(A).

2004

akustinenseura.fi
ResourcesLandcare

Noisy, But That’s Not All: Leaf Blowers Flagged as Prodigious Polluters — And Possible Health Threat

Investigative report on emissions from gas leaf blowers and other gas-powered lawn and garden engines, focused on dangers to workers, with statements from workers and health experts. An independent test of several commercial gas leaf blowers showed excessive ultrafine particle emissions. A TV broadcast covering much the same ground, with health experts from California health and environmental agencies: https://www.kcet.org/shows/socal-connected/blowing-concerns

2017

ishn.com
ResourcesLandcare

Leaf Blower vs. Ford Raptor Truck

Head-to-head emissions comparison of a 2-stroke leaf blower, a 4-stroke leaf blower, a Fiat 500 and a Ford Raptor truck at a AAA Emissions Testing laboratory. The 2-stroke blower produced 299 times as much non-methane hydrocarbons, twice as much nitrogen oxides and 23 times as much carbon monoxide as the Raptor; 30 minutes of its operation equals the hydrocarbons from driving the Raptor 3,900 miles. Detailed report: http://www.edmunds.com/car-reviews/features/emissions-test-car-vs-truck-vs-leaf-blower.html Press release: https://www.edmunds.com/about/press/leaf-blowers-emissions-dirtier-than-high-performance-pick-up-trucks-says-edmunds-insidelinecom.html

2012

youtube.com
ResourcesLandcare

The Top Landscaping Trends of 2018

Total Landscape Care report (Jan 30, 2018) on the National Association of Landscape Professionals' top landscaping trends for 2018, which include battery-powered, quieter, low-emission mowers and leaf blowers. The original NALP press-release page could not be found.

2018

totallandscapecare.com
ResourcesLandcare

Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers are Health Hazards

Mount Sinai Institute for Exposomic Research page on the air and noise pollution hazards of gas-powered leaf blowers (GLBs), covering harms to operators and bystanders, impacts on communication, learning and stress, particular risk to infants and young children, and links between excessive noise in pregnancy and preterm birth and hearing loss in the child.

2025

mountsinaiexposomics.org
ResourcesLandcare

The Devil's Hair Dryer

Bloomberg Businessweek piece arguing leaf blowers make nuisances of their users and neighbors, referencing James Fallows' (The Atlantic) long-running campaign against them. Note: the user referred to this piece as "The Case Against Leaf Blowers"; the article's actual headline, confirmed at this URL, is "The Devil's Hair Dryer."

November 3, 2016

bloomberg.com

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